Search results for "THEORY [COSMOLOGY]"

showing 10 items of 973 documents

Predicting limiting 'free sugar' consumption using an integrated model of health behavior.

2019

Excess intake of 'free sugars' is a key predictor of chronic disease, obesity, and dental ill health. Given the importance of determining modifiable predictors of free sugar-related dietary behaviors, we applied the integrated behavior change model to predict free sugar limiting behaviors. The model includes constructs representing 'reasoned' or deliberative processes that lead to action (e.g., social cognition constructs, intentions), and constructs representing 'non-conscious' or implicit processes (e.g., implicit attitudes, behavioral automaticity) as predictors of behavior. Undergraduate students (N = 205) completed measures of autonomous and controlled motivation, the theory of planned…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleDietary Sugarsmedia_common.quotation_subjectHealth BehaviorAutomaticity030209 endocrinology & metabolismIntentionStructural equation modeling03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineSocial cognitionHumansStudentsGeneral Psychologymedia_common030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and DieteticsBehavior changeTheory of planned behaviorBayes TheoremFeeding BehaviorDietTranstheoretical ModelAction (philosophy)FemaleHabitImplicit attitudePsychologyPsychological TheorySocial psychologyAttitude to HealthAppetite
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Evolutionary impact of copy number variation rates.

2017

[Objective]: Copy number variation is now recognized as one of the major sources of genetic variation among individuals in natural populations of any species. However, the relevance of these unexpected observations goes beyond diagnosing high diversity. [Results]: Here, it is argued that the molecular rates of copy number variation, mainly the deletion rate upon variation, determine the evolutionary road of the genome regarding size. Genetic drift will govern this process only if the efective population size is lower than the inverse of the deletion rate. Otherwise, natural selection will do.

0301 basic medicineGenome sizeDNA Copy Number VariationsGene duplicationPopulation geneticsPopulation geneticslcsh:MedicineBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciencesEffective population sizeGenetic driftGenetic variationAnimalsHumansCopy-number variationlcsh:Science (General)Genome sizelcsh:QH301-705.5GeneticsNatural selectionlcsh:RGenetic DriftBirth–death processGeneral MedicineBiological EvolutionResearch Note030104 developmental biologyGenetics Populationlcsh:Biology (General)Evolutionary biologyNeutral theory of molecular evolutionNeutral evolutionlcsh:Q1-390BMC research notes
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The free radical theory of frailty: Mechanisms and opportunities for interventions to promote successful aging

2019

The free radical theory of ageing has provided a framework of research into ageing based on Harman's idea that ageing was caused by damage produced by free radicals. However, several experiments have cast doubts on the general validity of the theory. The postulation of the free radical theory of frailty came from two basic facts: first that radicals not only act as damaging molecules, but also as signals to control cell function and second that on many occasions oxidative damage does not correlate with chronological but rather with unsuccessful ageing. Frailty is a geriatric concept by which an older person shows a lack of the feeling of wellbeing, unintentional weight loss, a relatively lo…

0301 basic medicineGerontologyAgingFree Radicalsmedia_common.quotation_subjectPsychological interventionWalkingAffect (psychology)BiochemistryAntioxidants03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysiology (medical)HumansExercisemedia_commonFree-radical theory of agingAged 80 and overOlder personFrailtySuccessful agingLongevity030104 developmental biologyFeelingAgeingEnergy MetabolismPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFree Radical Biology and Medicine
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Exceptional human longevity is associated with a specific plasma phenotype of ether lipids

2019

A lipid profile resistant to oxidative damage is an inherent trait associated with animal lifespan. However, there is a lack of lipidomic studies on human longevity. Here we use mass spectrometry based technologies to detect and quantify 137 ether lipids to define a phenotype of healthy humans with exceptional lifespan. Ether lipids were chosen because of their antioxidant properties and ability to modulate oxidative stress. Our results demonstrate that a specific ether lipid signature can be obtained to define the centenarian state. This profile comprises higher level of alkyl forms derived from phosphatidylcholine with shorter number of carbon atoms and double bonds; and decreased content…

0301 basic medicineMaleAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryBiochemistryLipid peroxidationchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineLongevitatlcsh:QH301-705.5media_commonlcsh:R5-920medicine.diagnostic_testLongevityLipidsFenotipEther lipidPhenotypeBiochemistryFemalelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)lcsh:Medicine (General)Research PaperAdultmedia_common.quotation_subjectPlasmalogensLongevityEther03 medical and health sciencesCentenariansmedicineHumansFree-radical theory of agingAgedPhosphatidylethanolamineMass spectrometryOrganic ChemistryPhosphatidylethanolamineFatty acid unsaturationPhosphatidylcholine030104 developmental biologychemistryROC Curvelcsh:Biology (General)LípidsLipid profile030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlkenyl phospholipidsAlkyl phospholipidsRedox Biology
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Practical Socioeducational to improve School Coexistence. And Experience in a center of unique educational action(Valencia, Spain

2017

[EN] Currently, problems related with coexistence, indiscipline, school violence and disruptive behavior in schools, make worry professionals, students, families and neighborhood. In this way, society at large and the educational community in particular are claiming over time about teaching solutions to mend this situation. In this paper, framed in a broader research, we present the results of application four educational strategies, in a CAES of Valencia (Spain). That strategies was classroom assembly, the reader patronage, game classroom, and art and Human rights. The project was implemented during 2014-2015 academic year, with 80 boys and girls of 4-11 age old. To check the improvement o…

0301 basic medicineMestres i alumnesSchoollcsh:Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law030109 nutrition & dieteticsDiálogoOrganic ChemistryBiochemistryalumnado.03 medical and health sciencesParticipaciónAlumnadoEscuelalcsh:K201-487DialogueConvivencia escolarStudentsdiálogoparticipaciónCoexistenceescuela
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A free radical theory of frailty.

2018

The free radical theory of ageing provided an intellectual framework for many laboratories working on ageing. However, experimental and clinical evidence showing that high doses of antioxidants do not have an effect on ageing or on age-associated diseases, cast doubts on the validity of this theory. Data from our own laboratory show that oxidative damage does not correlate with age, especially in the geriatric population, but rather with the frailty state. This has led us to postulate the free radical theory of frailty that proposes that oxidative damage is associated with frailty, but not with chronological age itself. Superoxide dismutase deficient mice are more frail than controls. But m…

0301 basic medicineOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyAgingFree Radicalsmedicine.disease_causeBiochemistrySuperoxide dismutase03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysiology (medical)Internal medicineDeficient mouseHigh dosesMedicineAnimalsHumansFree-radical theory of agingGeriatricsbiologyFrailtybusiness.industryChronological ageOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologyAgeingbiology.proteinbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOxidative stressFree radical biologymedicine
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Minors and Transexuality

2020

[ES] En el ámbito de la transexualidad los poderes públicos han ejercido desde un principio una política claramente restrictiva que ha requerido de años para poder abrirse a las nuevas necesidades y a la sociedad actual. Así, la normativa en la materia era totalmente excluyente de los menores de edad, considerándolos carentes de aptitud alguna para poder decidir sobre su identidad sexual y todo lo que ello conllevaba, quizá porque como afirman algunos autores “la finalidad básica de esa prohibición es la de garantizar que la decisión de la rectificación registral sea una decisión firme y coherente, evitando así cambios arbitrarios o no fundados en el sexo” (Vázquez-Pastor, 2010).Esta idea p…

0301 basic medicineTranssexualitymedia_common.quotation_subjecttransexualidadFundamental rightsIdentidad sexualBiochemistryMenores de edadPaternalism03 medical and health sciencesDignitySexual identityPolitical sciencePersonality0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesConstitutional courtFree development of personalitymedia_commonConvention on the Rights of the ChildSexual identitylcsh:Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law030109 nutrition & dieteticsDignidaddignidad05 social sciencesOrganic Chemistryidentidad sexualObject (philosophy)MinorsLawLibre desarrollo de la personalidadlcsh:K201-487DignityTransexualidadmenores de edadlibre desarrollo de la personalidad050104 developmental & child psychology
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Reciprocal relations between autonomous motivation from self-determination theory and social cognition constructs from the theory of planned behavior…

2020

Abstract Objectives The present study examined reciprocal relations between autonomous motivation from self-determination theory (SDT) and constructs from the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in a sport injury context. Methods The study adopted a three-wave longitudinal cross-lagged panel design. Physical education students in China (N = 4414; Mage = 14.42, SD = 1.75) completed self-report measures of autonomous motivation, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control with respect to sport injury prevention at baseline (T1) and at two follow-up occasions one (T2) and three (T3) months later. Proposed reciprocal relations between autonomous motivation and the TPB constructs co…

05 social sciencesTheory of planned behaviorContext (language use)030229 sport sciencesSport psychology050105 experimental psychologyStructural equation modeling03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSocial cognition0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPsychologyConstruct (philosophy)Social psychologyApplied PsychologySelf-determination theoryReciprocalPsychology of Sport and Exercise
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Analysis of surrogacy motherhood as a new technology in the biomedical and legal-philosophical field: technical advance, human recoil

2019

[EN] Surrogate motherhood is a question that has appeared in recent times, with increasing incidence, at present. The economic, political and media powers have brought a strictly technical concept to the public in order to familiarize them with this technique. This strategy has been based on the natural tendency to consider that any technological advance is good in itself, so that they have not been reviewed and made available to the citizens, in a reasonable manner, none of the issues that should be dealt with this technique. Thus, it is worth making a study of the regulations and jurisprudence of the assumptions that have been taking place and considering the reality that this formulation…

050502 law0301 basic medicineFiliaciónSurrogacy motherhoodTechnology030109 nutrition & dieteticslcsh:Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of lawAssisted reproduction05 social sciencesOrganic ChemistryInterés superior del menorTecnologíaHigher interests of the childFiliationBiochemistryMaternidad subrogada03 medical and health sciencesreproducción asistidainterés superior del menorReproducción asistidatecnologíalcsh:K201-487maternidad subrogada0505 lawfiliación
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The Theory of Forms Without Substance a Romanian Legal Transplant Theory Ahead of its Time

2020

Abstract Comparative law and legal history show us that law is dynamic, always in continuous development, change, or mutation. This dynamic dimension has become a central concern for the comparative law scholars. The circulation of legal models in the world (e.g. legal transplant, legal transfer, legal borrowing, legal migration) is an evergreen issue. This phenomenon has provoked numerous doctrinal disputes, which have been encapsulated in complex theories on its possibilities and impossibilities. In the present article, we will not explore the many modern theories regarding legal transplantation (or under other metaphors). Instead, we will go back in time, in the second half of the ninete…

050502 lawconstitutional transplant060106 history of social sciencesRomanianTheory of Forms05 social scienceslegal transplant06 humanities and the artsGeneral MedicineKlanguage.human_languagelegal cultureLegal transplantLawPolitical sciencelegal changelanguage0601 history and archaeologyforms without substanceLegal cultureLaw0505 lawJournal of Legal Studies
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